Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto GPS 165TSO del fabbricante Garmin
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GPS 165 TSO Pilo t ’ s Guide ® O WNER’S MANU AL & REFERENCE RTE MSG WPT NA V CRSR NR ST SET CLR EN T 165 manual 7/13/98 3:58 PM Page i.
165 manual 7/13/98 3:58 PM Page ii.
i INTRODUC TIO N Forewor d GARMIN™, GPS 165TSO™, AutoLocate™, MultiT rac8™, Spell’N’Find™ and AutoStore™ ar e trademarks of GARMIN International and may only be used with permission. All rights r eserved. Jeppesen™ and NavData® ar e register ed trademarks of Jeppesen Sandersen and ar e used with permission.
C AUTION The GPS system is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment.
Accessories & P acking List Congratulations on choosing the first GPS certified to meet the requirements of TSO C-129 Category A1 for non-precision IFR approach pr ocedures. The GPS 165 represents GARMIN’ s commitment to provide an accurate, easy-to-use GPS for all of your aviation needs.
Designed for accurate performance, and intuitive operation, the GPS 165 is a powerful navigation device that allows you to navigate IFR en route and appr oach procedur es for added convenience and safety .
P AR T ONE: INTRODUCTION Forewor d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii Accessories/Packing List .
Appendix A: NavData ® Card Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94-95 Appendix B: Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96 Appendix C: Abbreviations & Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97-106 Appendix D: Specifications .
vii INTRODUC TION Key & Knob Functions K ey and Knob Functions B The power/brightness knob controls unit power and scr een brightness D The direct-to key performs an instant GOTO and allows you to enter a waypoint and sets a direct course to the destination.
viii INTRODUC TION Key & Knob Functions C The cursor key is used to activate/deactivate the cursor . The cursor is indi- cated by flashing characters on the screen and is used for data entry , chang- ing fields or cycling through available information.
Database Confirmation Page. W elcome Page. The GARMIN GPS 165 is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accurate navigational information and non-precision appr oaches, SIDs and ST ARs. The Flying Start section is designed to get you familiar with the operation of the GPS 165.
Searching the Sky Message. Acquiring satellite data. Enter the altitude manually if necessary . Once the database has been acknowledged, the Satellite Status page will appear , and the GPS 165 will begin to collect satellite information.
NA V Menu 1. CDI page. NA V Menu 2. After the GPS 165 acquires satellites and computes a position, the Position page will appear automatically , and you’ll be informed with a ‘Ready for navigation’ mes- sage on the message page.
A dir ect-to may also be per formed from any page that displays a single waypoint identifier (the near est airport page in this example) by simply pr essing the D key , followed by ENTER. Entering a dir ect-to destination. The GPS 165 uses direct point-to-point navigation to guide you fr om takeoff to touchdown in the IFR environment.
CDI page with an active destination. Near est Airport Page. In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI, the GPS 165 CDI page fea- tures four selectable fields for various navigation data so the page may be configured to your own preferences.
T o r eview a nearest waypoint, simply highlight the identifier and pr ess ENTER. The Near est VOR Page. The GPS 165 will operate on an internal battery if external power is lost. T o view the nine nearest list for other waypoint categories (VOR, NDB, etc.
Section 1 Navigation K ey The GPS 165 features four navigation pages to pr ovide various position, course, speed and planning information. The navigation pages may viewed by pressing the NA V key and rotating the outer knob, or pressing the N key repeatedly .
If the GPS 165 is not curr ently navigating to a waypoint, ‘No actv wpt’ will be displayed in the CDI field. The GPS 165’ s CDI page provides you with the important information needed to navigate directly to your destination.
The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field: • gs -- Y our present speed over the ground. • str -- Steer direction and distance, or digital cr osstrack error . An ‘L ’ or ‘R’ indicates which direction to steer , while the distance value indi- cates how far you are of f course.
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The GPS 165 position page displays your pr esent latitude and longitude, altitude and a reference waypoint field; and is also used to enter bar ometric pressure during approach operations. The altitude and r eference waypoint fields are selectable to con- figure the page to your own prefer ences and current navigation needs.
The Position page also features a refer ence waypoint field , located at the bottom of the page, to indicate your radial and distance from a selected waypoint.
The GPS 165 features two nav menu pages for a host of valuable planning and calculating functions. NA V Menu 1 pr ovides access to the following functions: • T rip Planning • Density altitude/true air speed calc.
The density altitude/tr ue air speed function is also accessed fr om NA V Menu 1. Density altitude is the altitude at which your air craft will perform depending on several environmental conditions in.
T o perfor m fuel planning operations: 1. Press C and use O to highlight ‘Fuel Plan?’. Press E . 2. Use K to select either ‘wpt’ for direct navigation or the route number you would like to use. 3. For direct-to navigation, use K and O enter the ‘to’ and ‘from’ waypoints.
The GPS 165 will also perform winds aloft calculations to inform you of the dir ection (true) and speed of the wind. This will also inform you whether you are flying with a headwind or tailwind, and its speed. T o calculate winds aloft: 1. Press C and use O to highlight ‘Winds?’.
Y ou will now notice that the vertical speed field has been calculated. If you desire a faster climb or descent, you may enter that value now . 7. Use K and O to enter the new desired vertical speed, or press E to accept the calculated value. If you enter a greater value, the GPS 165 will display the elapsed time before the maneuver is to begin.
T o execute a checklist: 1. Press C and highlight ‘Chklist?’. Press E . 2. Rotate O to highlight the checklist you would like to see and press E . 3. Use O to view checklist items, and press E to check off a highlighted item. T o delete a checklist item or an entire checklist: 1.
When the count down timer reaches zer o, you will be informed with a ‘Timer expired’ message. The timer will then begin to count up, keeping track of how long it has been since it expired. The count up timer will not display a message. The timers run, if not altered, any time the GPS 165 is on.
The RAIM Prediction function allows you to confirm that GPS coverage is avail- able for a specific location or waypoint, any day of the year . R eceiver A utonomous I ntegrity M onitoring performs checks to ensure that the GPS 165 will have adequate satellite geometry to work with during your flight.
The scheduler function can be used to display reminder messages after a selected elapsed time such as Change Oil, Switch fuel tanks, etc. The scheduled message will be displayed after the timer runs out, and each time the GPS 165 is powered up, until the time is changed or the message is deleted.
The last function available from the GPS 165’ s NA V Menu 2 is the sunrise/sunset calculation , which will give you the sunrise and sunset times for any user or data- base waypoint, or your present position. T o calculate sunrise and sunset at a waypoint or your present position: 1.
Please note that your GPS 165 uses ICAO identifiers for all airport names. All continental U.S. airport identifiers which contain only letters use the pr efix ‘K’.
The GPS 165 organizes waypoints into one of five waypoint categories for your convenience. Each waypoint category provides dif ferent types of detailed information for a selected facility: • Airport.
After a waypoint category is selected, information for a waypoint may be viewed by entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint. Airports, VORs and NDBs may be entered by either the identifier , name or the location (city) of the facility .
Once a waypoint category and identifier have been selected, the GPS 165 will provide extensive information thr ough a set of waypoint pages for the selected cate- gory . W e’ll now go thr ough the pages available for each waypoint category in the order they appear on the waypoint menu page: airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints.
The GPS 165 features six airport pages: airport identification— allows entry of desired airport by identifier , facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility .
The airport position page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of the selected airport, as well as usage or fuel availability , available appr oaches and airport control/radar capability . The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport position page: Elevation— In feet or meters.
The airport procedur es page displays all the available approaches, SIDs and ST ARs at any selected airport in the database, without placing a specific approach, SID or ST AR in the active route. This allows the pilot to quickly scan the procedures of any nearby airport in case of an emergency or help plan future flights.
The airport communication page displays the radio frequencies and usage for the selected airport, as well as sector and altitude restrictions. T o view the communication page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate O with the flashing cursor removed to display the communication page.
The airport runway page displays runway designations, length, surface and lighting for the selected airport, as well as ILS/localizer and/or pilot controlled lighting frequencies. T o view the runway page from any of the airport information pages: 1. Rotate O with the flashing cursor removed to display the runway page.
VOR Information The GPS 165 features three VOR waypoint pages: VOR identification— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier , facility name or city; displays region and/or country of facility .
NDB Information The GPS 165 also uses identification, position and comments pages for NDB information. The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same manner as VOR pages: NDB information is accessed by entering the desired facility’ s identifier , city or name (see page 25) on the NDB identification page.
Intersection Information The last database waypoint category available is intersections. T wo intersection pages are available: intersection position and intersection comments. Intersections may be entered by identifier only (not city or name) on either intersection page.
User W aypoint Infor mation In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection waypoints contained in your NavData® car d, the GPS 165 allows you to store up to 1,000 user -defined waypoints.
If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist in the database, you will be prompted to select the method to enter the new waypoint’ s position into the data- base. If the waypoint exists (you’re just reviewing or editing a user waypoint), skip step 4 and move on to the next set of instructions.
T o enter/edit a user waypoint position from a r eference waypoint: 1. Use K and O to enter the reference waypoint’ s identifier . 2. Press E . 3. Use K and O to enter the bearing from the reference waypoint. 4. Press E . 5. Use K and O to enter the distance from the reference waypoint.
The GPS 165’ s AutoStore TM function provides another method of creating user waypoints. AutoStore is used to instantly capture your pr esent position as a user way- point with a touch of a button, and add the new waypoint to the end of a specified route if desir ed.
The second page available from the GPS 165’ s WPT key is the proximity way- points page . This page allows you to define an alarm circle ar ound a selected way- point, and is useful in defining alarm circles ar ound towers or obstructions. Up to 9 proximity waypoints can be enter ed, with an alarm radius up to 99.
The third page available fr om the GPS 165’ s WPT key is the user waypoint list , which can be used to quickly scan, review , rename or delete user waypoints. T o display the user waypoint list: 1. Press W and use O to display the user waypoint list.
The last page available through the GPS 165’ s WPT key is the waypoint com- ments page , which lists all waypoints that have a user comment. User comments may be added to 250 waypoints stored in the user or NavData ® database, and are helpful to note two lines of special information concerning a particular waypoint.
The GPS 165’ s extensive waypoint database makes it possible for several way- points to share the same identifier . T o ensure that you ar e selecting the waypoint desired, the GPS 165 will always of fer the waypoint confir mation page (that shows the waypoint’ s position) when an identifier is entered for a particular function.
The GPS 165’ s NRST key provides detailed information including range and bear- ing from pr esent position on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position.
The next page available under the GPS 165’ s NRST key is the SUA alert page . The SUA alert page will alert you with up to nine controlled or r estricted airspaces near or in your flight path, accor.
The SUA alert page contains the following information: The ‘SUA number’ field displays which SUA you are viewing (you may be aler ted with up to 9 SUAs). SUAs are listed as ‘sua1’ being the highest priority , and ‘sua9’ being the lowest priority fr om your current position.
The following SUA types can appear in the SUA type field: Message Airspace T ype alrt - Alert caut - Caution cl B - Class B cl C - Class C cta - ICAO Control Ar ea dngr - Danger moa - Military Operati.
All SUA alert messages except for prohibited ar eas may be tur ned on or off through the GPS 165’ s S key (described page 92). The GPS 165 will also automati- cally turn off SUA alert messages during appr oach operations (see page 73). Alerts for prohibited ar eas will always be displayed, regardless of unit settings or operating mode.
Section 3 Dir ect-to & R oute Navigation One of the many benefits of GPS navigation is the ability to fly directly to a way- point or fly a chain of waypoints without using ground-based navigation aids.
The GPS 165’ s direct-to function pr ovides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to destination is activated, the GPS 165 will establish a point to point route.
The GPS 165 lets you create up to 20 r outes (numbered 0 through 19), with up to 31 waypoints each. Routes are created, copied and edited thr ough the R key , which features five r oute pages selectable from the GPS 165’ s outer knob. The five route pages can be divided into two types: active r oute pages and a route catalog page.
1 The GPS 165’ s route catalog page is used to cr eate, edit, delete or copy routes, and serves as the main page for a host of functions, including route activation, deter- mining the closest point of approach and sear ch and rescue operations.
Deleting a route waypoint. Adding a new route waypoint. Deleting the active route. The route editing function allows you to create new routes and edit existing routes. Cr eating routes before takeof f can help make approach, SID and ST AR opera- tions faster and easier during your flight.
Once a route is defined thr ough the route catalog page, it may be activated or inverted (to navigate the route waypoints in r everse order) from the r oute catalog page. Activating or inverting a route copies the selected r oute into route 0 and over- writes the existing active route.
T o copy a route: 1. Use K to display the route you would like to copy TO (the route must be empty). 2. Press C and use O to highlight the action field. 3. Use K to select ‘copy?’. Press E . 4. Use K to enter the route you would like to copy . The departure/arrival identifiers will be displayed for your reference.
The GPS 165’ s search and rescue function provides navigation guidance for search and r escue operations, navigating in a ladder patter n to maximize coverage and efficiency .
During route navigation, it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distance away from the ‘active leg’ to help avoid certain airspaces or r egions. The GPS 165’ s parallel track feature will automatically guide you along a selected offset from the active leg.
Flying and Modifying the Active Route Once a route has been cr eated and activated, the GPS 165 will provide navigation to each route waypoint thr ough the active route and CDI pages. Fr om the active route pages, you may create and modify the active r oute, and insert an approach, SID or ST AR for your flight.
The ‘cum or leg’ field can be selected to display cumulative distance and ete/eta or the distance and ete/eta for each individual route leg. If cumulative is selected, the first leg’ s distance will be displayed, while the second leg will represent the first leg’ s distance plus the second leg, and so on.
T o delete a waypoint from the active r oute: 1. Press C , if necessary , to activate the cursor . 2. Use O to highlight the waypoint you would like to delete from the active route. 3. Press , followed by E . The next route waypoint (if available) will move up to take the position of the deleted waypoint.
While the active route page of fers the necessary functions for creating, monitoring and modifying the active route, the GPS 165’ s CDI page is used to provide turn antic- ipation, next desired track and waypoint arrival information to the pilot.
As you approach a r oute waypoint, the GPS 165’ s external waypoint annunciator will flash 15 seconds before the turn anticipation point, and the GPS CDI will be r eplaced by a flashing ‘Next dtk xxxº’ prompt (see right).
Section 4 Appr oaches, SIDs and S T AR s The GPS 165’ s approach navigation mode allows you to fly non-precision approaches to airports with GPS and overlay pr ocedures using information contained on your Jeppesen NavData ® card.
The GPS 165 works in conjunction with a set of external switches and your HSI to fly GPS approaches. The external switches are used to contr ol GPS functions, and contain illuminated annunciators to indicate when functions are active. Y our installa- tion must also have annunciators for waypoint arrival and GPS messages.
When the aircraft is within 2 nm of the F AF along the inbound course to the final approach (see left), the ACTV annunciator will illuminate on the GPS APPR switch, and the GPS 165 will enter the active approach phase. The CDI will now scale down to the 0.
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When an arrival airport is selected with the direct-to key (or created and activated in a route to the arrival airport), the appr oaches for your arrival airport become avail- able through the Appr oach Select page, which can be viewed by pressing R and rotating the outer knob.
When the aircraft is within 30 nautical miles of the destination airport, the GPS 165 will display the ‘Arm approach mode’ (if the GPS APPR switch is not set to the ARM position) and ‘Need pres- press NA V’ messages. T o fly the GPS approach (without radar vectors): 1.
c. Fly the procedure turn. After the procedure turn outbound, set the inbound course on the HSI. d. On the inbound intercept to the final course, fly to center the CDI. e. Set the GPS SEQ switch to the AUTO position. The GPS 165 will resume automatic waypoint sequencing for the remaining approach waypoints.
If you’re not authorized to fly direct-to the missed approach holding point: 1. Release the GPS SEQ switch from the ARM position to return the CDI scale to the 1 nm sensitivity . After the MAP has been crossed, press the D key . The GPS 165 will auto- matically display the first waypoint of the missed approach as the next approach waypoint.
The GPS 165’ s approach select page allows you to review the available approach procedur es at the destination airport. From the procedur es list, you may select and activate a new procedur e on the fly .
UNDERST ANDING GPS APPROACHES The GPS 165 is the first GPS certified to meet the requirements of TSO C-129 Category A1. When using the GPS 165 for non-precision approaches, you’ll encounter two types of approaches: overlay appr oaches (based on existing proce- dures) and GPS appr oaches (new approaches designed specifically for GPS).
Basic Rules of GPS Approaches (continued) • If you cr oss the same waypoint twice in succession during an approach, you must set the GPS SEQ switch to the HOLD position PRIOR to cr ossing the bisect.
Basic Rules of GPS Approaches (continued) • If you are of f course to the MAP waypoint and use a dir ect-to to re-center the d-bar , the active approach mode will be cancelled. • SUA alerts are disabled when an appr oach is selected and armed, and the air- craft is less than 30 nm from the destination airport.
EXAMPLE 1— NEW GPS APPROACH Example 1 uses the GPS approach into Fr ederick Municipal Airport (KFDK) and illustrates the basic sequence of selecting and flying a GPS approach, and flying directly to a missed appr oach holding point. Please refer to the previous sections of this chapter for expanded keystroke instructions.
EXAMPLE 2— VOR/GPS OVERLA Y Example 2 uses the VOR/GPS R WY 19 approach into Kansas City Downtown Airport (KMKC) from the south and illustrates an appr oach with a procedure turn, which requires the pilot to set the GPS SEQ switch to the HOLD position prior to crossing the IAF the first time.
EXAMPLE 3— VOR/DME ARC OVERLA Y Example 3 uses the VOR/DME R WY 21 approach into T opeka/Forbes Field Airport (KFOE) and illustrates an approach based on a DME ar c.
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EXAMPLE 4— RADAR VECTORS TO FINAL APPROACH COURSE Example 4 uses the same VOR/DME R WY 21 approach into T opeka/Forbes Field Airport (KFOE) used in example 3 and illustrates an approach using radar vectors to a point 3 miles out from the final appr oach fix.
The Jeppesen database used in the GPS 165 features Standar d T erminal Arrival Routes (ST ARs) and Standard Instrument Departures (SIDs) that may be placed into any active or stored r oute.
The SID select page also allows you to review all the available SIDs for the departure airport and select, delete or change the active SID. T o replace the active SID with another SID: 1. Press R and rotate O until the SID Select page appears. 2. Press C and rotate O to select the desired new SID.
T o delete a SID from the Route Catalog page... 1. Display the desired route on the Route Catalog page. 2. Select ‘sid?’ in the route action field and press E .
The ST AR select page also allows you to review all available ST ARs for the destination air- port and select, delete or replace the active ST AR. T o replace the active ST AR: 1. Press R and rotate O until the ST AR select page appears. 2. Press C and use O to select a new ST AR.
Section 5 Unit Settings Many of the GPS 165’ s navigation features can be customized to your own prefer- ences, allowing the pilot to choose how and when the unit displays certain informa- tion.
The GPS 165’ s satellite status page provides satellite information to monitor GPS coverage and receiver performance. This can be helpful when you may be experienc- ing a problem with low signal levels due to poor coverage or installation pr oblems.
The receiver status field , located at the top left of the page, can display the fol- lowing messages under various conditions: Search sky - The GPS 165 is searching the sky for visible satellites. Y ou will be informed with the message ‘Searching the sky’.
The second and third lines of the satellite status page pr ovide the satellite number and signal strength of each satellite in view . Additional information regar ding each satellite’ s azimuth, elevation and other data is also available. T o view individual satellite information: 1.
The route settings page allows you to select between automatic and manual route sequencing and turn the automatic leg select feature on and of f. Automatic route sequencing changes the active leg of a route when the current leg is complete (you have reached the ‘active to’ waypoint).
Automatic leg selection chooses the r oute leg closest to your present position as the active leg. If you have selected the manual leg selection option, you can manually select any route leg as the active r oute leg by performing an ‘on-route’ direct-to.
The GPS 165’ s arrival alar m can be set to notify the pilot with a message when you have reached a user defined distance to a destination waypoint. Once you have reached the set distance (up to 99.9 units), an ‘Arrival at _____’ message will be displayed.
The GPS 165 battery saver featur e can be programmed to automatically turn off the display when using battery power . This will increase the GPS 165’ s remote battery life in event of power failure.
91 UNIT SETTINGS Units of Measure Units of measur e displayed in standard format. Units of measur e in metric format. The GPS 165 can be configured to display data in standar d or metric units of measure . These apply to: distance, position, speed, altitude, fuel, pressur e and temperature.
The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you tur n the controlled/ restricted airspace message alerts on or of f. This will not affect the alerts being listed on the nearest page. It will simply turn off the warning when you are appr oaching or near an SUA.
The GPS 165 contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating. By default, your unit calculates positions using the WGS-84 map datum. If you are using charts based on another datum, you must set the GPS 165 to use the same datum.
Appendix A NavData and UserD ata Installation and Oper ation NavData® and UserData Card installation and operation The NavData® card supplied with your GPS 165 can be installed or r emoved ONL Y when the GPS 165 is tur ned of f. Insert the card with the thumb tab at the top, and the beveled corner on the bottom right.
T o restore user data fr om a UserData card to the GPS 165: 1. Install the UserData card. 2. T urn the GPS 165 on using B . 3. Use O O to highlight ‘Restore user data?’ and press E .
Appendix B Maint enance of the GPS 165 The GPS 165 is built to exacting standards and does not r equire user maintenance. Should the faceplate and lens require cleaning, use a soft cloth and non-abrasive cleaner . The user data is maintained by an inter nal battery with a pro- jected life of 3 to 5 years.
Appendix C GPS 165 Messages and Abbr eviations The GPS 165 uses the Message Page to communicate impor tant information to you. Some messages are advisory in nature, others ar e warnings that may require your intervention. This appendix pr ovides a complete list of GPS 165 messages and their meanings.
Auto leg seq slctd - The GPS 165 has reset the automatic leg sequencing option to the ON setting to permit approach navigation. Battery low - The remote battery pack is low on power . The batter y pack should be rechar ged for continued operation by reverting to aviation power .
Data card failed - The GPS 165 has detected a pr oblem with the data card. The data is not usable and the card should be r etur ned to Jeppesen or an authorized GARMIN service center . Data card write fail - The user data card failed to program. The car d should be returned to an authorized GARMIN service center .
Near SUA < 2 nm - Y our position is within 2 nautical miles of a Special Use Airspace and your current course will NOT take you inside. Need alt - press NA V - The GPS 165 needs altitude input in or der to start and/or continue 2D navigation. Press the NA V key and enter your antenna altitude on the Position page.
Poor GPS coverage - The GPS 165 cannot acquire suf ficient satellites necessary to provide navigation. Prox alarm-press NA V - Y our craft has penetrated the alarm cir cle of a proximity waypoint. Press N to see the bearing and distance to the proximity waypoint.
Receiver failed - The GPS 165 has detected a failure in the receiver har dware. If the message persists, the GPS 165 is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center . ROM failed - The GPS 165 has detected a failure in its permanent memory .
Steep turn ahead - This message appears approximately 90 seconds prior to a turn that requires a bank angle in excess of 25 degrees in order to stay on course.
104 APPENDIX C Messages The following section provides a complete list of GPS 165 abbr eviations and their meanings. AL T - Altitude APP- Approach APR- Approach APT - Airport W aypoint AR V - Arrival .
105 APPENDIX C Abbreviations JET A- Jet fuel - T ype A JET B- Jet fuel - T ype B KH- Kilometers Per Hour KM- Kilometers KT- Knots LB- Pounds LCL- Local LEN- Length LFOB - Leftover Fuel On Board LFLOW-.
106 APPENDIX C Abbreviations SGL- Signal SID- Standard Instrument Departure SLCT - Select SRFC- Surface ST AR- Standard T erminal Arrival Route STR- Steer T o T ACAN- T ACtical Air Navigational aid T .
107 APPENDIX D Specifications Appendix D Specifications PHYSICAL Size: 5.75”W x 5.25”D x 2.25”H (146mm x 133mm x 57mm) W eight: 24 ounces (0.96kg) POWER Input: 10-33V DC (aircraft power) Recharg.
108 APPENDIX E Map Datums Appendix E Map Datums ADINDAN Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan AFGOOYE Somalia AIN EL ABD 1970 Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 Cocos Island ARC 1950 Botswana, Le.
109 APPENDIX E Map Datums MARCO ASTRO Salvage Island MASSA W A Eritrea (Ethiopia) MERCHICH Morocco MIDW AY ASTRO 1961 Midway MINNA Nigeria NAD27 ALASKA North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 BAHAMAS North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 CANADA North American 1927- Canada and Newfoundland NAD27 CANAL ZONE North Am.
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111 APPENDIX F T roubleshooting Q & A Appendix F T r oubleshooting Q & A The GPS 165 is a precision navigation instrument that of fers a wide array of per- formance navigation features. The ‘Q & A ’ section is designed to answer some of the common questions regar ding the GPS 165’ s capabilities and operation.
Why aren’ t there any approaches available for my r oute? Approaches ar e only available when the final route waypoint or direct-to destina- tion is an airport (some VOR/VOR T AC identifiers are similar to airport identifiers).
What does the GPS APPR switch do? What is ‘ar ming’ an approach? The GPS APPR switch must be set to the ARM position for an approach to enter the active phase.
114 APPENDIX F T roubleshooting Q & A When should I switch from HOLD to AUTO, and what happens when I do? Once you are ready to r esume automatic waypoint sequencing, you must set the desired course on your HSI two seconds before changing the GPS SEQ switch to the AUTO position.
When does turn anticipation begin, and what bank angle is expected? The GPS 165 will smooth adjacent leg transitions based upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the ability to roll up to 25º) and pr o.
What is the correct missed appr oach procedure? How do I select the missed approach holding point? T o comply with TSO specifications, the GPS 165 will not automatically sequence to the missed approach holding point.
117 Appendix G Index A Accesory List iii Activating user waypoints 48-49 Activating a route 53 Activating a route in r everse 53 Active waypoints 48 Active Route page 57-59 Adding waypoints to a route.
118 E Editing routes 52 Editing user waypoints 35-38 Enroute Safe Altitude (ESA) 11 EPE 84 Examples, approach 73-78 External switches/annunciators 60-61,63-65 F Flying the active route 57-61 Flying ap.
119 Routes 48-61 Activating 53 Active route page 57-59 Adding route waypoints 52 Cancelling the active route 52 Copying routes 53-54 Deleting route waypoints 52 Editing route waypoints 52 Route catalo.
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© 1995 GARMIN International 9875 W idmer , Lenexa, KS 66215, USA GARMIN Europe/L TD Robert House, Station Approach Romsey , Hampshire, SO51 8DU UK Part No.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Garmin GPS 165TSO è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Garmin GPS 165TSO - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Garmin GPS 165TSO imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Garmin GPS 165TSO ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Garmin GPS 165TSO, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Garmin GPS 165TSO.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Garmin GPS 165TSO. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Garmin GPS 165TSO insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
